What is the difference between the .243 Match chamber and the regular old .243?
A lot. Buy the Gunsmiths Book of Chamber Prints from Pacific Tool & Gauge. It has a great number of these popular chamber prints that will readily show you the differences.
OK how bout in layman's terms for us idiots?
My answer to that is a tighter chamber, not a loose chamber that will chamber any old fat, blown out cartridge. Seems rifles shoot more accurately if your round fits your chamber than just rattling around.
This is my take.