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With a 30” barrel, a bullet fired in a 1/9” twist would get 3.3 revolutions but if fired in a 1/10” barrel, it would only get 3.0 revolutions while traveling down the barrel. So the bullet fired in a 1/9” barrel would be getting ~10% more RPM, not 2 RPM more The actual RPM would be dependent on its velocity.


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Bullet RPM = MV X 720/Twist Rate (in inches)

https://www.accurateshooter.com/technical-articles/calculating-bullet-rpm-spin-rates-stability/

The formula matched up pretty close to what I got scribbling math on the back of an envelope.

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A 338 cal 300 SMK at 2790 FPS has 200,880 rpms in a 10 twist barrel. The 9 twist barrel with the same velocity will have 223,200 rpm. This gives the 9 twist 22,320 more rpm’s.



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Thats a whole lot of spinning. So is the rpm a constant? or does it slow as gravity and friction works on it while it flies? Does a long flat bullet rotate for ever at the same speed? If it is not a constant how can you apply your math to come up with that rpm?


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Originally Posted by ChrisF
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Bob advised that I should have them made with a rebated boat-tail and when I asked him why?? that design he told me that everything he had fired through the spark graph range with a rebated boat-tail had shown a minimum of a 5% increase in performance over the standard boat-tail configuration! That doesn't sound like much but in the case of having to make a 'shoot off'....a 5% increase in X count wins the pot!!

Sharpsman, I've seen you recount this story several times on various sites. Can you help me understand this statement. What metric was McCoy referring to in that 5% increase in performance?
Do you have any samples of your 176 Delta's that you can share a photo of? I'm curious what they look like.

On a different note, I am pretty sure that your 176's did not drive Sierra to produce their 175's. It was actually PWS wanting an analog to the 173 FMJ for what ultimately became M118LR.




The "5% increase in performance" Bob was speaking to was basically less drag and better stability throughout the entire flight path! I think my son has possibly a thousand or so of my 176 so I'll check and see!


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Originally Posted by jwp475

A 338 cal 300 SMK at 2790 FPS has 200,880 rpms in a 10 twist barrel. The 9 twist barrel with the same velocity will have 223,200 rpm. This gives the 9 twist 22,320 more rpm’s.

Still can't follow. How does fps become rpm? Wouldn't you multiply by 60 to get rpm?I can't believe rotations in seconds would remain a constant for a long distance shot.


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It doesn't remain constant, but the angular velocity (rpm) decays much slower than linear velocity (fps).

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Originally Posted by 378Canuck
Originally Posted by jwp475

A 338 cal 300 SMK at 2790 FPS has 200,880 rpms in a 10 twist barrel. The 9 twist barrel with the same velocity will have 223,200 rpm. This gives the 9 twist 22,320 more rpm’s.

Still can't follow. How does fps become rpm? Wouldn't you multiply by 60 to get rpm?I can't believe rotations in seconds would remain a constant for a long distance shot.


This is how I did the math before finding that formula.

Went to JBM ballistic found Time of flight over 100 yards for a bullet at 3000 fps which was .103 seconds.

100 yards = 3600 inches which means a bullet fired from a 1 in 10 twist will rotate 360 times during it's travel over a 100 yards.

1 (second) divided by .103 (TOF over 100 yards) = 9.708

360 times 9.708 = 3495 rotations per second

3495 times 60 = 209700 RPM

* I rounded the numbers off.

After thinking about it a bit more I realized why my numbers don't line up with the real smart guys.


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(feet / second) * (turns / foot) * (60 seconds / minute) = rpm Just look at which units cancel out when the fractions are multiplied.

The only trick fill in is the turns per foot. An 8" twist will give 12/8 = 1.5 turns per foot.

Example for 3000 fps in a 10" twist: 3000 * 12/10 * 60 = 216,000 rpm

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Still can't follow. How does fps become rpm? Wouldn't you multiply by 60 to get rpm?I can't believe rotations in seconds would remain a constant for a long distance shot.

It might be easier to follow if we used simpler numbers;
If you are shooting a bullet out of a 12 twist barrel (1 turn in 12" which is 1 turn in 1 foot) at 3000 FEET per Second, the bullet at muzzle is making 1 revolution every 12 inches (1 foot). But that revolution is happening in 1/3000 of a second. In one second it will have made 3000 revolutions. In one minute it will have made 180000 revolutions (3000 revolutions x 60 seconds in a minute) and that is revolutions per minute (RPM).
As mathman has said, the spin slows down much more slowly than the forward motion.

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The "5% increase in performance" Bob was speaking to was basically less drag and better stability throughout the entire flight path! I think my son has possibly a thousand or so of my 176 so I'll check and see!


I understand that you might be taking some creative license with that statement, but just in case...a 5% reduction in drag, would have to be translated into a reduction in wind drift which would then be SWAG'd into an improvement in score...
There was a guy named Larry Medler that ran a webpage where he played with such "what if" with ballistics and score. His site is down, but I'll see if I can find it in the wayback machine.

On a different note, Bob McCoy published his research on the flight characteristics of different match bullets. It's in the public domain, and it's a good read if you're interested in such things (from a historical perspective since the studied bullets have been eclipsed for long range shooting). Google "The Aerodynamic Characteristics of 7.62 Match Bullets".

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Last edited by ChrisF; 02/11/19.
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Originally Posted by mathman
It doesn't remain constant, but the angular velocity (rpm) decays much slower than linear velocity (fps).

Rotational velocity? grin

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My head hurts


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Originally Posted by Jordan Smith
Originally Posted by mathman
It doesn't remain constant, but the angular velocity (rpm) decays much slower than linear velocity (fps).

Rotational velocity? grin


Should I throw a 2pi factor in there to get to radians per minute? whistle

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Originally Posted by mathman
Originally Posted by Jordan Smith
Originally Posted by mathman
It doesn't remain constant, but the angular velocity (rpm) decays much slower than linear velocity (fps).

Rotational velocity? grin


Should I throw a 2pi factor in there to get to radians per minute? whistle

Nah, that’d just confuse the non-math/physics inclined folks even more. But you can’t blame a guy for taking advantage of an opportunity to poke mathman over a technicality- it doesn’t happen often! smile

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You fellas went down the rabbit hole with this discussion, hope you enjoy the adventure!

There be a host of issues related to this discussion and frankly every "solution" has its own baggage. I'm going to throw a couple of things at ya to ponder, just for the fun of it. laugh

Supersonic is what it is, but for purposes of this chat figure anything at or more than about Mach 1.3.
Transonic runs from about Mach .8-1.3.
Mach 1 at international standard atmospheric conditions is ~1116 fps.

The matter of bullet stability is commonly referenced to Stability Factor (Sf) which is a measure of gyroscopic stability acting against aerodynamic overturning forces. All conical bullets fly in a circumstance where the center of aerodynamic pressure is forward of the center of gravity. The displacement between the two is quite a bit different as a function of bullet form. RN bullets have little, needle darts have much more. The significance of this relates to the leverage that aerodynamic forces have on one form as compared to the other. Consider the drag curve below. Note how greatly enhanced drag is in the transonic realm. Note as well that the drag diminishes at higher velocity, but the problem is that your bullet begins to slow when it leaves the muzzle. When it hits the T-zone the forces at play get rather brutal and with spitzer forms this often results in upset.

[Linked Image]

My point is mostly that you can't have it both ways. The other side of the stability issue is that if one has a very high Sg it may induce degraded tractability, which in turn will cause upset.

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Will add this for your reading pleasure. Don't get lost in the gack.

http://www.nennstiel-ruprecht.de/bullfly/


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Concerning the difference between man and the jackass: some observers hold that there isn't any. But this wrongs the jackass. -Twain


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dd I will take your word on it. it is above my pay grade

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44mc, it really isn't all that complicated if you don't get lost in the details.

Short version? RB bullets launched in the T-S speed realm don't get all that ruffled by the extra drag/stability issue and definitely don't get upset when they get to where the buffalo roam. Downside is a fella has to know his drift and drops pretty well. Spitzers can be petulant little jokers, and they are somewhat prone to taking a break at long range. The OP's post illustrates the point I think regarding the RNFB. Modern match gospel illustrates the latter.

Modern day high tech shooters live with their self imposed limitations and cowboys DGAS, or something to that effect.

One of the more minor points about this that many overlook is that while bullet velocity is relevant to the transonic issue, bullet form is the bigger issue. Think of the air's movement as the bullet passes...it has to get around the bullet and to do that it accelerates. The bullet cross section and form define the nature of that acceleration and that would be why the T-Zone is a variable that encompasses a fairly wide range of velocity.

[Linked Image]

[Linked Image]

[Linked Image]

Last edited by DigitalDan; 02/24/19.

I am..........disturbed.

Concerning the difference between man and the jackass: some observers hold that there isn't any. But this wrongs the jackass. -Twain


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