We have what’s called a Charter of Rights—similar to the US Bill of Rights—with the notable exception of an amendment concerning the right to bear arms.
You can thank the drug dealers for gettin a lot of our freedoms backed up by the courts—mostly concerning Search and Seizure—search warrants and Probable Cause and such.
Bear in mind the Canadian Constitution has only been in existence since 1982–prior to that Canada governed itself under the British North America Act. Many people locally still refer to themselves as a member of the Commonwealth of Briton.