Everything about the aircraft was designed around being able to carry the AWG 9 radar and Phoenix missile off the boat. The thought being if the Russkies were ever going to attack, it would be in waves of bombers carrying antiship missiles. So engagement of that threat needed to start at long range, hopefully before they reached their launch points so you would be targeting the bombers and not a swarm of cruise missiles.
The Phoenix missile weighed 1000 lbs and the rail to carry it was 1000 lbs as well. Having the swing wing lowered landing speed making it safer to bring aboard the ship and also allowing more “bring back” or the weight of ordnance you could land with.
There was also the understanding that the TF-30 engine would be upgraded in the not too distant future. That didn’t happen until the A+ and D versions came around. That turned the aircraft into a completely different animal.
I only flew the A model and if you understood the limitations of the “Pratt and [bleep]” TF-30 😁 engine you could get along just fine. I never felt as comfortable performing the “mach run” for a maintenance check flight in a Tomcat as I did in the F-4. With the Tomcat’s non-centerline thrust, if you had a burner blowout in the higher speed regimes the asymmetric thrust would generate so much yaw, the jet would come apart. A compressor stall in hard maneuvering at low speeds and high angles of attack could generate a yaw rate of 150 degrees per second in less than two seconds. (Think flat spin and “Goose” in the original Top Gun).
When I transitioned to the F-14 it took a little while to get used to something that big being able to maneuver like it did. But…it’s a mighty big jet and if start turning and burning in a multi-bogey fight, when those wings come out you’re like a huge barn door flying around making you a target for everyone to see. You would soon be the center of the fight.
This is an excellent description by navlav8r of the (original) core mission of the Tomcat, though towards the end of its service they were fitted up with laser targeting pods allowing them to deliver PGMs and did so successfully in combat.
But to my knowledge there was never a combat kill with the Phoenix - perhaps navlav8r can correct this if I'm wrong. That's not to say it wouldn't have probably worked, the situation just never came up that it was built for. To my knowledge, there may never have been a combat
launch of a Phoenix.
I flew the F-16 for 29 years for Uncle Sam and several years after retirement in the "commercial defense services sector." Ended up #4 in the world all-time Viper hours. I flew at least a hundred sorties against Tomcats over my career and never had a valid kill claimed against me by an F-14, regardless of the scenario size or complexity. But I fought them in "my world" over land, in "all altitude fights," mostly at Nellis where I spent 7 of my 30 USAF years. The F-15, by contrast (to address an earlier post) was a far superior adversary and there is a good reason for their phenomenal combat record.
Again, no disrespect to the Tomcat, it was a jet that never got to do what it was really designed for, and actually did pretty good at the end of its service in a role that was never originally envisioned.
Cheers,
Rex