I was told the suppressor needs a shoulder to seal. So I am wanting enough barrel so I don't need an adapter, only the threaded insert.
Adapters for this purpose have a shoulder on them as they are designed specifically for use with suppressors and other muzzle devices. You may be able to get by with a different thread pitch but I would be wary about threading too close to the bore. It all depends on your finished barrel diameter.
http://www.brownells.com/rifle-part...-adapter-1-2-28-to-5-8-24-prod54364.aspxThread specs for different barrel diameters:
https://thunderbeastarms.com/tech/thread-specifications