BSA Majestic Centrefire Bolt Action Rifle:

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.243 inch is the calibre
What is the 2 inches - case length?
BNP = British Nitro Proof (I think)
42.5 gn of NC. What is NC? I presume that it's a powder or powder type - nitrocellulose? Is this the proof load, or suggested load, or what?
100 gn is the bullet weight - of the proof load, or the suggested load?

Can anyone help us out here?