No matter how I look at this, it is a for profit made disaster. It is incumbent upon the entity that elects to exploit the resource to preserve the long term value of the eco system.

What is the monetary value of the lost food production and fresh water supply as a result of this man made pollution? What is the lost value of recreation, life style and culture for the people that rely on this watershed.

I would argue that root cause responsibility falls with the mineral exploiter and government oversight.