So I was at the range yesterday getting ready for rifle season. Was alternating between a 300 Savage and a .308, a lapse in attention resulted in firing a 300 savage round in my .308. Fortunately I was single loading and only did it once. And, fortunately, it wasn't the other way around.
Ended up with a "flyer" about three inches low, and a 300 case trying to do an imitation of a 308 thru fireforming. Primer backed out slightly.
Not a smart or recommended test, but probably just about the most harmless cartridge/chamber mismatch.