There would be several ways to find the velocity of a cartridge.
The most popular of coarse is to shoot over a Chronagraph in oder to get the information.
Armed with the velocity information we can now use one of the many sites in order to obtain information needed to create an elevation chart needed in order to add the correct number of clicks on the scope for various distances.
Its always advisable to confirm the information by actuall shooting at at least some of the distances.
While not all of us have a chronagraph, we can at least shoot at various distances and then count the amount of clicks added to the scope and compare that to the program in order to get the velocity number.