"Assuming good bullet choice". Nope

I'd say that 99% of the deer that I kill, are shot through the lungs. Deflate the lungs, game over. That said, about 8 years ago, I was hunting with my 243 AI. I had a nice 8 point lightly quartering towards me while he popped his head out to wind check some does in the field. I ranged him at 240 yards. I hit him on the tip of the lead shoulder and the bullet exited on the back side of the opposite ham! He ran about 50 yards and piled up.

The 85 grain TTSX did its job wonderfully! Good bullets almost always do what they are supposed to do.