Same bullet weights can be fired to same speeds in 30-06 and roughly 100-150 fps faster than 308. The difference in .03" greater bullet diameter is roughly the same as your fingernail. In other words it doesn't make a hole enough bigger to matter.
But that .03" greater bullet diameter means much worse BC's in the same bullet weight.
The 30-06 beats it at all ranges, 308 is slightly behind at the muzzle, but passes it at around 100-130 yards.
At 300 yards, with a MPBR zero for a 6" diameter target, a 2950fps 160g TTSX is down only 4.5" with 2206fps and 1728fpe.
I'm loading 178 gr ELD-X's in my 308 at 2650 fps. At 300 yards I'm only 32 fps slower, but with 1869 ft lbs.energy. I don't know how the drop at 300 compares to 338 fed. But I do know that if zeroed at 100 I'm hitting perfect POA with the 200, 300, and 400 yard dots on my scope. I'm not concerned about flat trajectory with a BDC scope. And I'm doing it with less recoil than 338 Fed.
I can't think of a single reason to choose one over a 308, let alone a 30-06.
