340 wby, 250 grain hornady I've yet to need a second shot,
with that rifle,average range on at least 16 elk, all under 200 yards most under 100 yards, (lost exact count )
most staggered or fell,a few ran a short distance

35 whelen 250 speer , two elk, both well under 100 yards one mule deer

30/06 Springfield, 190 hornady, two elk and several mule deer, a single shot each, none over 150- 170 yards

300 wby, 200 speer, several mule deer at about 120-160 yards, never required more than one shot
bullet opens rapidly devastating on chest/lung heart shots

270 win, 150 grain speer , several mule deer , can,t remember needing a second shot

45/70 405 grain gas check, hard cast , two elk, one at about 220 yards, one at about 45 yards

its not that I'M an exceptional shot, I just don,t pull a trigger unless I'm almost 100% dead certain of the shot
and most were taken with a sling and bi-pod while sitting or leaning over a branch on a tree.