It's not as easy to fix excess headspace on a Rolling Block as just setting the barrel back!
You need to correct what caused the excess headspace, and that can be the hammer and block pins, plus wear to the block. Blocks usually end up after decades of shooting (especially the #5 7mm) with the block face not being true perpendicular to the bore. So if you set the barrel back it results in the rifle's headspace issues fixed, but rims will bend each time you fire from the block being angled to the bore. So the face of the blocks need to be trued after you install new pins. Then the barrel headspace can be set and they're back like new again.
I personally would not use most of the cartridges listed in the original post in a Rolling Block. Most are much higher pressures than the original early 1900's 7x57 those rifles were chambered in, and could result in an accident after firing. I stick with rimmed cartridges in my builds, and mostly old "hyphenated" rimmed cartridges. I have Rolling Blocks in .44-77BN, .45-70, .40-70 Straight, .40-50 Straight, .38-55, .32-40, and some other chamberings.
I love old Rolling Blocks, and love building off surplus military actions too. I've built a half dozen over the last decade, and still have some spare receivers to build more! This was an old Husqvarna military action I rebuilt and put new barrel and stocks on. It's a .40-50 Sharps Straight: