The extractor collar is the metal band extending around the bolt body, which secures to extractor to the bolt and allows the extractor to remain stationary on the right side of the receiver in the bolt raceway while the bolt itself is turned to lock and unlock.
First remove the extractor by turning it until it comes out of the slot in the bolt head and then pressing it toward the head of the bolt. The collar is split where it fastens to the extractor, and has to be bent open enough to allow it to be removed. The shallow groove it rides in is often roughly machined and causes the collar to resist allowing the bolt to turn under it.
The collar should be clamped with a machinist's clamp, vise-grip pliers or a vise when reassembling the bolt.
In this schematic, the extractor and extractor collar are parts 1 and 2.
https://www.gunpartscorp.com/Manufacturers/Mauser-33384/Rifles-37349/98-39207/PartsList-34392.htm