I have only seen three American buffalo taken, one with a .45-90 and a cast bullets weighing close to 600 grains, one with a .375 H&H with handloaded 300-grain Nosler Partitions, and one with a .270 Winchester and a 130-grain Barnes Triple-Shock.
Heart-lung shots were used on all three. Only the bison taken with the .270 was killed with one shot, and it also went down quicker than the other two.