Statically, if you flip a coin enough times, you will land on heads or tails 100% of the time.

If you shoot enough deer, you are going to find that they either drop or they don't.

Any answer you get is going to be subjective. If one can get accurate records of kills...and I mean accurate records! You will find that the standard deviation for "dropping them" is the same for most any round commonly used on deer.

I've seen deer hit by a truck revive in the ditch and run off.

The first 5 deer I shot with a 30-30 all dropped within 10 feet of being hit before I realized I needed a 30-06.