Well I’ll share some of my ignorance..

Took my dog to the vet, got him from a herding dog rescue. I was told mom was a Heeler, dad a Border Collie. Told the vet most of the littler looked 100% Heeler, one looked 100% Border Collie, then there is mine, built like a Heeler, but has short, soft brown hair, and his facial coloration looks like that a Bulldog would have.

He asked if mom was a stray?
Said I didn’t know, that’s when he told me a dog litter can have multiple fathers.
If a bitch is in heat and on the loose, good chance she was mounted by more than one dog, and bitches can birth from two different males in the same litter.

I cannot believe I had never heard that.