The right shot placement through a lung (s) the heart means death it’s not theory. Small hole big hole doesn’t make any difference. But the optimal side shot on elk or moose from my experience is more magazine dreaming than real life. If you want to put down a large ungulate rather than where he or she scrambled off to in tough country with the sun going down then you need to break the big bones that they need to run. Shoulder bones broken up with heavy bullets and calibers put them face down — game over cause you most like not only take out the front legs but bone fragments will take out lungs and the heart too. Splintered up hip bones will slow them down but I’ve seen my share of three legged elk climb over the top and feed coyotes.

Rick