Don't let anybody bullshyt you on cartridge effectiveness. I've used the .243, .30-30. .308 and .30-06 pretty extensively on deer. There isn't enough difference between them in how quick they'll put a deer on the ground to shake a stick at. Shot through the lungs with any of them you'll typically get a 30-60 yard death run. High shoulder, neck/spine or head and they'll drop right there with any of them. I haven't seen anything that will reliably drop them on the spot with lung shots and I've seen them shot with 7mm mag, .338 mag and .45-70... At the ranges you describe, pick your poison.
