The original military load was a very long round nose jacketed bullet at 156 grains. 160 grain bullets were common in commercial ammunition.
Here's a link to an article by Muledeer which discusses reloading for the cartridge and the basis for the long throat. http://gunsmagazine.com/the-6-5x55/
He discusses having the parallel section of the throat on his custom barrel cut slightly shorter than spec.