I'll also say that with regard to military rounds, the .308 was a mistake. It's whole reason for being was commonality between machine gun rounds and rifle rounds with the understanding that riflemen needed a shorter round so they could carry more ammo. Well, the .308 is a little shorter but not much lighter and regardless, it was only the rifleman's round for less than a decade.
What we should have today are 5.56 rifles and 30-06 machine guns and sniper rifles with today's powder it would be a significant upgrade in performance.
The Army Ordnance Corp wanted .30/06 performance from a shorter cartridge. 150 grain bullet with a muzzle velocity of 2700 fps. They started with the 300 Savage cartridge and tinkered with it till they got what they wanted. Then forced all of NATO to agree to adopt it.
