Not a great deal of difference between the two,both are excellent rounds,7mm-08 was born as a factory round in 1980,the 7x57mm mauser was born in the tail end of the 1800s,lots of nostalgia and history come with this one,matter of fact the 7x57 is the cartridge that sent the USA to the drawing board to come up with what we know today as the 30-06.............