Handloaded, I think the 30-06 handles 180 and 200 grain bullets better than the 308, but even a 180 at 2,630 from a 308 is nothing to sneeze at...
Brad comes close to being our 308 expert and he says the 06 handles the 180s better.
Jerry
Yes, the 30-06 handles 180's "better" than the 308 (i.e., 150 fps faster).
BUT, a 300 WSM handles 180's "better" than a 30-06 (i.e., 150 fps faster).
And so on into pointlessness.
The larger point in CONTEXT is/was 2,630 (or whatever) fps is "plenty" with a 180. I defy anyone to show that somehow an additional 150 fps will make a meaningful difference at "normal" hunting ranges. As long as a bullet has enough velocity to open, it will work just fine.
*PS* I am no "expert", despite having taken nearly equal amounts of game with both the 30-06 and 308. And unlike some who seem unable to not have an opinion about everything and anything, I try to limit my comments to things I have personal experience with, and sit back quietly and learn from others in areas I have no experience. It's a practice that has served me well in life.