I’ve used both a good bit but admit my experience with the 338 is not as long or extensive as with the 300. In similar rifles the 300 kicks less IME, and is a flatter shooting round. Before the days of BDC reticles and scope dialing this was important, maybe not so much today. I’ve used both calibers on enough species and conditions to feel there isn’t much difference in killing power, so I eventually dropped the 338 and have never regretted the decision. When I’ve carried one of my 300s I’ve never wished for something else, can’t say that about any other cartridge. In NA it has handled everything short of brown bear with no issues at all, and in Africa it worked perfectly on all sizes of plains game plus leopard. My old friend Allen Day even shot 2 buffalo with his after his 458 went haywire.