Harold Johnson of Cooper Landing, AK hit upon the right medicine in the early 1950s.
A 400 gr FP out of a Model 71 or 1886 Winchester. Lever actions are faster in action than bolt guns,
and will hold as many cartridges. A 450 Alaskan can push that 400 gr bullet to 1985 FPS with a 24 in barrel-
that is not max -so 2nd and third shots come fast. Johnson had close calls on bears with a 30-06, so used his gun shop: Johnson's Kenai Rifles-to come up with an answer: 450/50 Alaskans

Not just AK-but the lower 48: the WY guide who was ambushed by a sow grizzly and large cub
after taking over an elk kill. About 4 years ago.
Both hunter and guide were mauled, guide killed-leaving wife and kids. One Glock between them, but
badly handled by bow hunter.
BOTH should have had handguns. Widow would agree.

Just like the inner big city...you never know when a bear who has just been in a fight
will come around the corner. A 22 or .410 may eventually kill the bear, but not within your
ER or last visit/ICU time...lifetime.

"The credit belongs to the man who is actually in the arena-not the critic"-T. Roosevelt
There are no atheists in fox holes or in the open doors of a para's aircraft.....