Had a buddy of mine shoot a turkey with a NE single shot lying prone. Broke his collar bone. Had a bad time getting out of the woods. Me, i detached the the jelly from inside my eye with a dang Mossy 935 3.5 inch mag while trying to get it to cycle right. Couldn't see good for a couple days. Shot it about 15 times. Had a light winnie pump that another buddy was going to take turkey hunting. Gave him 2 shells to pattern the gun over the hood of my pickup. After the first shot his nose was bleeding from being smashed by his thumb from the recoil of that POS. He gave me the other 3.5 turkey load back and said that was enough fun for that day. From the recoil data that I have seen, there is nothing much that matches a light 12 ga with 3.5 turkey loads.
