What is the lowest recoiling rifle to reliably harvest deer and bear? (Yes, I hate recoil)
A lot of it depends on range.
For longer ranges, I'd probably go with a 6.5 Creedmoor in a fairly heavy rifle.
For moderate ranges, I'd look at downloading a 308 if you handload. If not, then there's plenty of good advice here.
Up close, the 30-30 is a great cartridge for this but lever-action carbines seem to magnify recoil. A Ruger bolt gun in 357 or 44 Magnum might also work.
Okie John