I think there was also a case studied in England where butterflies had been observed to evolve over a fairly short period of time. Seems at the start of the Industrial Revolution one factory put out quite a bit of soot from its coal fired boilers, which collected on nearby trees. The native butterflies were mostly white, and they stood out sharply. Over time, more and more of the butterflies were observed to have darker colors. The speculation was, the white flutterbys were easier for predators to see and catch, and contributed less and less to the gene pool. The darker ones had an advantage, and passed it on to their offspring.

Secondly, look at any whale skeleton, and it will still have vestiges of hind limbs. It's pretty clear they either once had them, or are growing them. My money is on "had".


"...the designer of the .270 Ingwe cartridge!..."