Originally Posted by jaguartx


apples and oranges have more in common than not in common

same size
same weight
almost same amt. of carbohydrates
both have seeds
both can be cut with a knife.


So, im wondering what was the reason for the driving force to make them become more specialized, or different if you will.



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Didn't you ever go to high school? Those so-called similarities are shared by all fruits that evolved to have their seeds spread by herbivores.

What was the driving force? A random genetic mutation occurs. Mostly it has no value and does not propogate through the species. If it has some survival value, more offspring will have that variation and it will become more standard.

An example is white skin. Homo sapiens all had dark skin until perhaps 8,000 years ago. A light skin mutation quickly spread through European Homo sapiens (your ancestors) because it helps UV radiation from the sun produce more Vitamin D. Those with the light skin mutation survived to produce more offspring. That's why you're "white." Dark skin is better for survival in the tropics.

Homo neanderthal, which separated from your stock a lot earlier, developed a different mutation for white skin. There are many other examples.

If the Caucasian and Negro races remained separate for a few hundred thousand years (which won't happen), they would each acquire a different genetic load through mutations that would eventually prevent them from interbreeding.

Evolution is as simple as that and that's how different species arise.

Sometimes different species which are somewhat closely interrelated can interbreed. Homo sapiens and Homo neanderthal, for instance. Wolves and dogs in the wild. Lions and tigers (but not in the wild). Horses and donkeys (though the offspring are infertile). But those of more genetic distande, such as dogs and cats, cannot interbreed.

Could humans and chim-panzees interbreed? Asking that question would certainly be forbidden. The two branches diverged about 7,000,000 years ago so the answer is probably no.


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